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Information for buyers

How to Choose a Home


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Here are some tips to help determine which house is best for you.

Once you've settled on a couple of preferred neighborhoods for your home search, it's time to pick out a few homes to view. Having a house features "wish list" keeps you focused on which features are most important to you.

When narrowing down your home search, consider the following:

Approaching the task of buying a home can beoverwhelming; there's so much to consider:

  • Know what types of home you want to buy
  • Determine what age and condition of the house you want to buy
  • Consider resale potential
  • Use a features wish list to keep focused
  • Use a home search comparison chart to keep organized
  • Act decisively when you find the right home

    • Determine What Type of Home You Want to Buy

    There are several forms of home ownership: single-family homes, multiple-family homes, condominiums and co-ops.

    Single-family homes: One home per lot. Multiple-family homes: Some buyers, particularly first-timers, start with multiple-family dwellings, so they'll have rental income to help with their costs. Many mortgage plans, including VA and FHA loans, can be used for buildings with up to four units, if the buyer intends to occupy one of them.

    Condominiums: With a condo, you own "from the plaster in." You also own a certain percentage of the "common elements" - staircases, sidewalks, roofs, etc. Monthly charges pay your share of taxes and insurance on those elements, as well as repairs and maintenance. A homeowner's association administers the development.

    Co-ops: In some cities, cooperative apartments are common. With co-ops, you purchase shares in a corporation that owns the whole building, and you receive a lease to your own unit. A board of directors, comprised of owners and elected by owners, supervises the building management. Monthly charges include your share of an overall mortgage on the building.

    Decide What Age and Condition of Home You Want to Purchase:

    Weigh your needs, budget and personal tastes in deciding whether you want to buy a newly constructed home, an older home or a "fixer-upper" that requires some work.

    Consider Resale Potential: As you look at homes, you may want to keep in mind these resale considerations. One-bedroom condos are more difficult to resell than two-bedroom condos. Two-bedroom/one-bath single houses generally have less appeal than houses with three or more bedrooms, and therefore have less appreciation potential. Homes with "curb appeal," i.e., well-maintained, attractive and with a charming appearance from the street, are the easiest to resell. The most expensive houses on the street, or ones with anything unusual or unique are not suited for resale. The best investment potential is traditionally found in a less expensive, more moderately sized home. Use a Features Wish List to Keep Your Search Focused Make a features wish list to clarify which features are most and least important to you when looking for a home. Using this features wish list will keep your house hunt focused and effective. Use a Home Comparison Chart to Keep Your Observations Organized While house hunting, it's a good idea to make notes about what you see because viewing several houses at a time can be confusing. Use a home comparison chart to help you keep track of your search, organize your thoughts and record your impressions. Act Decisively When You Find the Right Home Before you begin the home buying process, resolve to act promptly when you do find the right house. Every REALTOR® has stories to tell about a couple who looked far and wide for their dream home, finally found it, and then said, "We always promised my Dad we'd sleep on it, so we'll make an offer tomorrow." Many times the story had a sad ending - someone else came in that evening with an offer that was accepted. Resolve that you will act decisively when you find the house that's clearly right for you. This is particularly important after a long search or if the house is newly listed and/or underpriced.

    Don't confuse "preapproved" and prequalified" with a loan commitment: These are debatable terms in real estate because not all lenders define them the same way. In fact, one leading real estate dictionary contains neither expression because their definitions are uncertain.

    According to one school of thought, when you are prequalified, the lender is making an educated guess about how much you can borrow based on information you've provided. When you are preapproved, the lender has verified everything you have told him or her and is offering to lend you up to a given amount at current interest rates - under certain conditions.

    Whether prequalified or preapproved, final clearance and a check at closing - a loan commitment - are subject to an appraisal satisfactory to the lender, good title, a last-minute credit check and other verifications. When meeting with lenders, always ask how they define each term and what additional steps will be required to actually obtain a loan.

 

Don't have too much credit:

Excessive credit is almost as bad as no credit or even bad credit. Even if you pay your bills on time, lenders tend to focus just as much on how much credit you have available to you as they do on timeliness. So being up to your ears in car loans and credit cards is a sure way to be turned down for a mortgage. Postpone any major purchases until after you buy your house.

Don't lie on your loan application:

Exaggerating your income on a mortgage application or putting down other untruths can be a federal offense. Lenders rarely prosecute liars, but if they find out later, they can call your loan due and payable.
And don't ever sign your name to a loan application that is not completely filled out, either. Loan officers have been known to stretch the truth to get a client approved, but it's the borrower who ends up paying the price, often in the form of unaffordable monthly loan payments.

Don't hide if you can't make your payments:

The worst thing you can do is ignore phone calls and letters from your lender when you are behind on your payments. Lenders have many options at their disposal to help keep borrowers from losing their homes to foreclosure. But they can't do anything for you unless they can talk to you about your difficulties. Lenders are the enemy only if you give them no other choice.

Don't skip a home inspection:

Failing to make your purchase contingent on a satisfactory home inspection could be a costly mistake. Independent home inspectors examine houses from stem to stern. They'll be able to tell you whether the roof and/or basement leaks, whether the mechanical systems are in good shape and how long the appliances should last. They can't report on things they can't see, but at least their trained eyes are better than yours. So don't pass just to save a few hundred dollars - it's money very well spent.

Don't hire just any agent to sell your house:

All real estate agents are not the same. You want to work with an agent who specializes in your neighborhood and who is a top producer. Ask your candidates how they plan to market your house, what you can do to make the place more attractive to prospects and what you should set as a selling price. If you don't like any of the answers, look elsewhere. And above all, stay away from relatives; unless Aunt Amy or Nephew Nick fit the description above, keep looking.

Don't fail to check out a contractor's credentials:

Never, ever hire a contractor who knocks on your door or says his prices are good for only a few days. Reputable contractors don't solicit door-to-door, and they don't cut prices just because they happen to be in your neighborhood. Check out potential contractors thoroughly by calling several of their past clients, their bankers and suppliers, your local better business bureau and your local consumer affairs agency.

Don't pay a contractor too much upfront:

If a contractor asks for more than a third of the contract price as a down payment, chances are something's wrong. At worst, he's a scam artist who has no intention of returning after he cashes your check. At best, he's undercapitalized and can't afford to purchase materials on his own. Or, in between, he could be using your money to pay workers on another job. Also, never give a contractor cash.

Don't burn your mortgage:

It's a wonderful feeling when you make your last house payment. After all, the place is now yours, all yours. Many people celebrate by holding a mortgage burning party. But they torch the original document. Don't. Make a copy and burn that instead. Keep all your loan documents in a safe place.